The Unassuming Economist

Emerging market and developing economies have enjoyed robust growth during the past decade and bounced back quickly from the Great Recession, in marked contrast to the more tepid recovery—and even renewed recession—in advanced economies. Similarly, although unemployment in emerging market and developing economies did go up during the Great Recession, by 2011 it was essentially back to precrisis levels.Is the observed correspondence between jobs and growth a surprise, or does it represent a systemic feature of emerging market and developing economies? In a joint work with Davide Furceri, we show that the short-term relationship between labor market developments and output growth has been fairly strong in many of these economies for the past 30 years. This is particularly the case in many emerging markets. Hence, although the emphasis on structural policies to lower long term unemployment and raise labor force participation remains appropriate, cyclical developments deserve adequate consideration as well. The short term relationship between jobs and growth suggests that macroeconomic policies to maintain aggregate demand also likely play an important role in labor market outcomes in many of these economies.

Preliminary work on Okun’s Law in advanced economies is available here.

“Housing prices have peaked in Seoul but are rising in the rest of Korea,” according to a new report from the IMF.  The report says that “following a protracted period of rising prices, housing prices in Seoul have remained weak due to a still large, albeit declining, inventory of unsold homes and limited expectation of price appreciation. The steady rise in housing prices outside Seoul (which have moderated recently) has been supported by contracting supply, a rapid increase in rents, and a rise in demand supported by strong non-bank lending. In response to the weakness in the Seoul housing market, the authorities have relaxed regulations in May 2012, including by raising loan-to-value (LTV) and debt-to-income (DTI) ratios applied to some high-house price districts.” 

• Prices still falling in roughly half of 54 countries tracked around world
• Brazil, Germany among countries seeing house prices rise
• Within United States, housing picture varies considerably

House prices in the United States have started to pick up a little recently, but globally prices are still on a down trend, according to research by the International Monetary Fund (IMF).
Price trends vary widely between countries, with Ireland, Greece, Portugal, and Spain seeing the biggest falls in the past year and Brazil and Germany, substantial increases.

While overall the trend is mixed, there is no sign of an uptick in the global index of house prices, a weighted average of prices in 54 countries, according to our research. The index remained level during the second quarter of 2012—the latest quarter for which consistent data is available for a large group of countries—and the GDP-weighted index continued to decline. Continue reading here.

The new IMF report on Ireland says that “the correction in house prices, one of the largest in recent history, has continued. The decline in nominal residential property prices slowed to 14.4 percent y/y in June 2012. The index has halved since its peak in 2007, eclipsing recent U.K. and U.S. house price declines and comparable to the Japanese and Nordic experiences of the 1990s. As yet, clear signs of stabilization are limited to Dublin house prices (excluding apartments), which, after dropping by 55 percent, have been flat in H1 2012. Rural areas, in contrast, still show signs of oversupply.”