The Unassuming Economist

From a paper by Cristian Mogo Castro:

“This paper examines the relationship between economic growth and CO₂ emissions in Germany during the period 1990-2019, aiming to determine whether there has been absoulute and sufficient decoupling to meet the climate targets of the Paris Agreement. The results suggest that Germany experienced strong decoupling between GDP ans CO₂ emissions, associated with technological transformations, climate policies, and improvements in productive efficiency. However, the observed decoupling rate is insufficient to meet the climate targerts of limiting global temperature rise to below 1.5ºC, 1.7ºC, and 2ºC.”

From a paper by Zhongxia Zhang:

“This paper presents a comprehensive panel dataset of 41 Inflation Targeting (IT) countries from 1990 to 2024 regarding their inflation targets, bands, and track records. First, data on inflation targets and bands are collected through each central bank’s historical documents. Second, several rules-based track record measures are calculated for inflation targeting countries over specific past periods to assess actual inflation outcomes with respect to the central banks’ stated policy objectives. The dataset, which covers both developed and developing countries, is useful for empirical research in economics and finance. Potential reuse areas of this dataset include studies on central banks’ adjustments of inflation targets and bands, the interplay between inflation targeting and economic performance, and the relationship between inflation targeting and financial markets.”

On cross-country:

• Luxury property’s final frontier. There is a boom in ultra-prime apartments in Africa’s megacities – The Economist

Working papers and conferences:

• Housing Affordability, Supply, and Spatial Misallocation – University of Washington

On China:

• China Taps $1.5 Trillion Fund to Boost Home Market Support – Bloomberg

On Australia and New Zealand:

• [Australia] Australia’s rental crisis at home also cost its reputation abroad. Migrants drawn by Australia’s inclusive image encounter discriminatory rental practices that damage the nation’s soft power. – Lowy Institute
• [Australia] Average Australian home passes A$1m amid housing crisis – BBC

On other countries:  

• [Canada] Early signs of renewed housing market confidence emerge in Canada – RBC
• [India] India housing outlook steady but cracks from demand slowdown start to widen – Reuters poll – Reuters
• [Ireland] Ireland modifies rent controls as it seeks to revive homebuilding – Reuters
• [South Africa] Do too many people want a slice of Cape Town? South Africa’s second city is at a crossroads: those flocking to live there are powering the economy, but also driving up house prices and exacerbating a strained market and local infrastructure. For a city surrounded by ocean and mountains, the expansionist path forwards is a complex one – FT
• [United Kingdom] Residential UK house prices fall by more than expected amid economic uncertainty. Average property price drops 0.4% month on month in May to £296,648, Halifax says – The Guardian
• [United Kingdom] UK house prices slid in May following stamp duty tax hike, Halifax says – Reuters
• [United Kingdom] UK house prices fall by more than expected amid economic uncertainty. Average property price drops 0.4% month on month in May to £296,648, Halifax says – The Guardian
• [United Kingdom] Rachel Reeves plans ‘housing bank’ to deliver cheaper financing for builders. UK chancellor also considers funding settlement of up to £25bn for social housing in Wednesday’s spending review – FT
• [United Kingdom] Labour’s housing dreams exceed UK developers’ reality. Industry still faces slow build despite hopes for action in government’s spending review – FT
• [United Kingdom] England’s social housing funds ‘less generous’ than £39bn settlement suggests. Analysis indicates spending of about £3bn a year until 2029, similar to AHP’s money for current financial year – FT

On prices, rent, and mortgage:    

• House Price Appreciation by State and Metro Area: First Quarter 2025 – NAHB
• Price Cuts on Home Listings Surge to 9-Year High—and These 3 Cities Lead the Trend – Realtor.com
• Home Prices Pick Up Steam in the Hottest Housing Markets – Realtor.com
• Homebuyers face less housing market competition from investors right now. Two-thirds of single-family investors are struggling to find properties for sale that generate positive cash flow. – Fast Company 
• The Trump administration is working on a plan for time limits on rental aid – NPR
• Should federal rental aid come with a time limit? Here’s how it works in one place – NPR
• Fannie and Freddy back again – The Grumpy Economist
• It’s a Buyer-Friendly Housing Market as Mortgage Rates Dip – Realtor.com
• Trump Unlikely To Privatize Fannie and Freddie This Year, Says Mortgage Bankers Association CEO – Realtor.com
• The “Home ATM” Mostly Closed in Q1. Total Mortgage Equity Withdrawal (MEW) was Negative in Q1 – Calculated Risk

On sales, permits, starts, and supply:    

• More Evidence of How Housing Regulation Is Bad for Housing – AEI
• Gentrification as a housing problem. The root cause is inflexible supply – The Works in Progress Newsletter
• Weekly Housing Trends View—Data for Week Ending May 31, 2025 – Realtor.com
• 1st Look at Local Housing Markets in May – Calculated Risk
• 10 states with the biggest housing market inventory shift. At the end of May 2025, 10 states had more active housing inventory for sale than they did in May 2019. – Fast Company
• Part 1: Current State of the Housing Market; Overview for mid-June 2025 – Calculated Risk
• Part 2: Current State of the Housing Market; Overview for mid-June 2025 2025 – Calculated Risk
• May 2025 Monthly Housing Market Trends Report – Realtor.com
• AI’s Role in Reshaping Employment: From Theory to Home Building Sector Impacts – NAHB  
• Why developers have stopped building apartments – Axios
• Investors Are Selling a Record Share of Homes To Cut Their Losses—Especially in These 5 States – Realtor.com
• Deporting Undocumented Workers Will Make Housing More Expensive – Home Economics
• 75 housing markets where inventory is catching up—fast. Among the nation’s 200 largest housing markets, these 75 metro areas now have active inventory at or above 2019 pre-pandemic levels. – Fast Company
• The Housing Lobby’s Tax Boondoggle
• Republicans may expand a credit that subsidizes real-estate developers. – Wall Street Journal
• 2nd Look at Local Housing Markets in May – Calculated Risk
• Weekly Housing Trends View—Data for Week Ending June 7, 2025 – Realtor.com

On other developments:    

• Making the case for housing as a human right – NPR 
• Homeownership remains out of reach for many. What will it take to change that? – McKinsey
• Homesteading 2.0: A Proposal to Make Housing Affordable Again – AEI
• The Crime of Treating Housing as a Commodity. In New York City, working-class tenants are often victimized by predatory landlords. Their horror stories show the need for radical housing reform inside and outside the city. – Jacobin
• A West Virginia Salary Of Less Than $35K Will Let You Settle Into a Starter Home With Ease – Realtor.com
• Housing Subsidies Boost Costs – Cato
• U.S. Foreclosure Activity Sees a Slight Monthly Decrease in May 2025 – ATTOM
• World Bank Paints a Bleak Picture of the U.S. Economy—What It Means for Homebuyers and Sellers – Realtor.com
• States Can Help End the U.S. Housing Crisis Through Smart Policies – George W. Bush Presidential Center
• Slumlord Millionaire: how landlords, politicians and developers are fueling the housing crisis. New documentary examines how predatory practices, from inhospitable conditions to deed theft, affect New Yorkers – The Guardian
• Homeowners Are 43 Times Wealthier Than Renters – Realtor.com

From a paper by Zamid Aligishiev and Hamed Ghiaie:

“This paper investigates dynamic relationships between U.S. government expenditure multipliers
and the economy’s cyclical position from 1949 to 2018 using a Time-Varying Parameter Vector Autoregression (TVP-VAR) model. We challenge the existing literature, which predominantly relies on predefined economic regimes and assumes a stable relationship between fiscal multipliers and business cycles. Our findings identify two distinct periods: fiscal multipliers were counter-cyclical from 1949 to the late 1980s, followed by a significant decline in their effectiveness during recessions thereafter. These variations are attributed to the prevailing fiscal-monetary policy mix; with higher fiscal multipliers during earlier recessions resulting from sharp shifts toward a fiscally led policy stance, followed by a decline after the Dot-com recession due to a transition toward a monetary-led policy mix. We find particularly low multipliers during the global financial crisis, which provides new insights into the evolving role of financial frictions in the transmission of fiscal policy.”